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Loss      Diffuse hair loss (Alopecia Difusa)

Diffuse hair loss (Alopecia Difusa)

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Diffuse hair loss or Alopecia Difusa differs from other types of hair loss because hair do not fall out in any particular place, but roughly evenly across entire scalp perimeter, in addition, the loss is not immediately noticeable and develops gradually. Such hair loss may occur or develop in both men and women in different circumstances, for example, after a serious illness or surgery, during pregnancy or after childbirth, during menopause or other hormonal disbalance, various diseases and drugs for their treatment, after an injury, sudden or long-term stress. etc. Diffuse hair loss may trigger due to lack of iron and problems with the thyroid gland. Such a uniform hair thinning may last about a year, over the time it can stop and hair grow back in again. Baldness as a result of diffuse hair loss is quite rear. Diffuse hair loss develops due to the fact that hair follicles are switching too quickly from the Anagen active growth phase to Telogen rest and Exogen shedding phases. In a normal, healthy individual up to 90% of hair follicles are in an Anagen growing phase and only 10% are in a Telogen resting phase at any one moment in time. If the percentage of hair follicles in the Telogen phase increases significantly then there will be an increase in hair shedding and diffuse thinning of scalp and/or body hair will develop. In extremely rare cases Telogen Effluvium deteriorates to the stage where almost 100% of hair follicles enter a resting state. When this occurs an individual may develop almost complete scalp hair loss. Deleting the causes of such hair loss may usually help to grow hair back, however most of the time slightly weaker than they used to be. These causes may vary and basically are divided on the effects on hair loss in the phase of active growth called Anagen Effluvium and resting phase called Telogen Effluvium. These names explain the nature of the hair loss very well. All hair follicles in humans run through cycles of activity when they produce hair fiber and dormancy when no fiber is made. Anagen is the name of active follicle phase, while Telogen is the name given to the phase of the cycle when a hair follicle is resting. Effluvium is a Latin word that means “letting loose”. So the term "Telogen Effluvium” describes hair follicles entering a dormant phase and shedding (letting loose) the hair fiber, while "Anagen Effluvium" term is for generalized diffuse hair loss from follicles in the active growth phase. The diagnosis Telogen Effluvium is a general term for a variety of hair loss patterns and different causative factors. Whatever the hair loss looks like or whatever caused it, it can be described as a Telogen Effluvium if a significantly increased percentage of hair follicles are in a resting phase than would normally be expected. The early stages of Alopecia Androgenetic involve an increase in Telogen phase hair follicles so Telogen Effluvium can also occur in other hair loss diseases. Anagen Effluvium has quite rapid development 1-4 weeks after the initial trigger. Hair loss can be quite extensive as it affects all follicles in an Anagen phase of active growth and around 90% of the average person’s hair follicles are at this stage at any one time. Anagen Effluvium results from the simultaneous inhibition of cell division in hair follicles leading to a sudden stop in hair fiber production. Both Effluviums can be caused by a wide range of triggers. Most significantly, some trigger factors may promote and Anagen Effluvium and Telogen Effluvium, even within the same individual.  When trying to identify a cause of Effluviums it must be remembered that the individual may have been first exposed to the trigger factor up to several months before the hair loss was first recognized. It can be very difficult to clearly identify the trigger factor for onset of Telogen Effluvium especially.

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